Sensores
Array de Sensor de Luz para NXT
Esta é uma matriz de 8 sensores com fonte de luz controlada, retornando os valores das leituras dos sensores. Seu programa pode então decidir se deseja seguir uma linha ou fazer outra coisa. Para seguir linha, por outro lado, recomendamos o Sensor Segue Linha para NXT ou EV3 (LineLeader-v2)
- Fácil de montar no NXT ou EV3
- Detecte padrões para claro e escuro usando 8 sensores de luz
- Detecte e siga linhas
Downloads:
Sensor Segue Linha para NXT ou EV3 (LineLeader-v2)
O sensor Segue Linha é um array de 8 sensores com controlada fonte de luz, retornando valores do sensor para seguir linhas, superfícies com cores diferentes, etc.
- Fácil de montar no NXT ou EV3
- Detecte padrões para claro e escuro usando 8 sensores de luz
- Detecte e siga linhas
- Controle PID pré programado
Downloads:
Maxstream 1mW XBee Transceiver Module (chip antennae)
The Maxstream 1mW XBee RF Transceiver Modules use 2.4GHz operating frequency and come in three different antennae configurations: XBee with chip antennae, XBee with UFL connector (UFL antenae sold separately) or XBee with wired whip antennae. The units are optimized for use In US, Canada, Australia and Europe. These units require minimal power, are easy to use (no configuration necessary) and provide reliable communication between devices. These units only measure 24mm x 28mm!
- Series 1 (not compatible with Series 2)
- Includes chip antenna
- 2.4GHz RF: up to 120m (unobstructed) range (1mW transmit power)
- Up to 250 kbps
- Serial interface (3.3V CMOS UART)
- Used for both transmitting and receiving
- Small size, low cost and low power consumption
PDF Files
Color Serial JPEG Camera Module – TTL
LinkSprite introduces the Color Serial JPEG Camera Module - TTL. It is a new generation serial port camera module. It captures high resolution pictures using the serial port. It features the modular design that outputs JPEG images through UART (TTL level), and can be easily integrated into existing design.
- New generation serial port camera module - TTL Level
- Captures high resolution pictures using the serial port
- VGA/QVGA/160 x 120 resolution
- Power supply: DC 3.3V or 5V
Applications:
- Different image capture systems
- Environmental monitoring
- Industry monitoring
- Medical equipment
- Video phone
- Security
- Vehicle based GPS
Size: 32mm x 32mm
Default baud rate of serial port: 38400
Current consumption: 80-100mA
The pin near C03 is AV output pin, which is an analog output pin
IRSeeker V2
Play robot soccer and zero in on your infrared (IR) beacons with the new and enhanced IRSeeker V2 (Version 2). You can use most TV remotes and LEGO® Power Functions remotes as beacons that the IRSeeker V2 will detect. With a specially designed curved lens and five internal detectors, the IRSeeker V2 has a 240 degree view making it perfect for playing robot soccer with the HiTechnic IRBall. The IRSeeker V2 has enhanced modes that detect modulated IR signals, including the new RoboCup Jr stepped modulated mode, and it filters out background signals giving superior performance in brightly lit rooms and sunny locations. The sensor returns the signal direction and strength making it easy to locate and gauge the relative distance to the target. A winning robot soccer combination when combined with the HiTechnic NXT Compass Sensor!
HiTechnic NXT IRSeeker V2 Sensor for LEGO Mindstorms NXT
Introduction
The NXT IRSeeker V2 (Version 2) is a multi-element infrared detector that detects infrared signals from sources such as the HiTechnic IRBall soccer ball, infrared remote controls and sunlight. It is perfect for robot soccer competitions.
The IRSeeker V2 operates in 2 selectable modes,
Modulated (AC) Mode - The sensor will detect modulated IR signals such as those from the HiTechnic IRBall or some IR remote controls. In Modulated mode the sensor will filter out most other IR signals to decrease interference from lights and sunshine for example. The sensor is tuned to square wave signals at 1200Hz. |
Un-modulated (DC) Mode - The sensor will detect un-modulated IR signals such as older style IRBalls or sunlight. |
The IRSeeker V2 uses advanced digital signal processing techniques to filter the signals received and select only the signals required. A newly designed housing with a constant radius curved end cap increases directional peformance by minimizing distortion of light signals entering the sensor.
The IRSeeker direction values are shown here with 1 indicating the infrared target is left and behind, 5 if the target is directly ahead and 9 if the target is to the right and behind. A value of 0 is returned if no signal is detected.
Programming
Mindstorms NXT-G
All IRSeeker V2 functions can be accessed using the MINDSTORMS NXT-G programming block that can be downloaded from the download page.
IRSeeker Sensor Block
Display Settings
- The number shows which of your NXT's ports are connected to the IRSeekerV2. You can change this number in the configuration panel if you need to.
- The block's data hub will open automatically when the block is placed in the work area. At least one data wire must be dragged from the block's output plug to another block's data hub. (See the Data Hub section below for more information.)
Configuring the IRSeekerV2 Block
- Choose the port where your IRSeekerV2 is plugged in. By default, the block will be set to port 1 for an IRSeekerV2. You can change this selection if you need to.
- Chose the Mode. Two modes are available Modulated (AC) and Un-modulated (DC).
Modulated (AC) Mode - The sensor will detect modulated IR signals such as those from the HiTechnic IRBall or some IR remote controls. In Modulated mode the sensor will filter out most other IR signals to decrease interference from lights and sunshine for example. The sensor is tuned to square wave signals at 1200Hz.
Un-modulated (DC) Mode - The sensor will detect un-modulated IR signals such as the older style IRBall or sunlight.
IRSeekerV2 block Data Hub plugs
You must click on the Data Hub to open it as shown.
- This plug wires the number of the port that the IRSeekerV2 is connected to.
- This plug outputs the direction value.
- This plug selects the mode the sensor is operating in, 0 = Modulated Mode (AC), 2 = Un-modulated (DC) mode.
- This plug outputs the source detected logical value.
- This plug outputs the Channel 1 signal strength value.
- This plug outputs the Channel 2 signal strength value.
- This plug outputs the Channel 3 signal strength value.
- This plug outputs the Channel 4 signal strength value.
- This plug outputs the Channel 5 signal strength value.
The five strength values available make it possible to determine the approximate distance to the infrared source if it is of a known brightness. The five strength values come from five infrared sensors which are oriented to face in the 1, 3, 5, 7 and 9 directions. Internally, the sensor will interpolate the readings between these five primary directions to obtain the direction values 2, 4, 6 and 8.
So if you want to obtain the strength for each of the 9 directions, you should use;
Direction | Strength Source |
1 | Channel 1 |
2 | Channel 1 and 2 |
3 | Channel 2 |
4 | Channel 2 and 3 |
5 | Channel 3 |
6 | Channel 3 and 4 |
7 | Channel 4 |
8 | Channel 4 and 5 |
9 | Channel 5 |
Notes:
- Using infrared remote control as a signal source: Most remote controls will be detected by the IRSeekerV2 in AC mode but some remotes may not be detectable, depending on the signal generated. The IRSeekerV2 is tuned to detect a 1200Hz square wave.
- The new IRSeeker requires the new V2 version NXT-G programming block that can be downloaded from the download section of our web site.
- NXT Firmware version 1.05 or later must be loaded in the NXT for the IRSeeker V2 and other digital I2C sensors to operate correctly. You can check the firmware version by displaying the NXT Window in the Mindstorms software.
IRSeeker V2 Sensor Register Layout
Address | Type | Contents |
00 – 07H | chars | Sensor version number |
08 – 0FH | chars | Manufacturer |
10 – 17H | chars | Sensor type |
41H | byte | Mode |
42H | byte | DC Direction ( 0 - 9 ) |
43H | byte | Sensor 1 DC signal strength |
44H | byte | Sensor 2 DC signal strength |
45H | byte | Sensor 3 DC signal strength |
46H | byte | Sensor 4 DC signal strength |
47H | byte | Sensor 5 DC signal strength |
48H | byte | Sensor DC mean |
49H | byte | AC Direction Data (0 - 9) |
4AH | byte | Sensor 1 AC signal strength |
4BH | byte | Sensor 2 AC signal strength |
4CH | byte | Sensor 3 AC signal strength |
4DH | byte | Sensor 4 AC signal strength |
4EH | byte | Sensor 5 AC signal strength |
The I2C address of the IRSeeker V2 sensor is 0x10.
Other Programming Environments
NXC Programming
Current version of NXC include api functions for reading the HiTechnic IRSeeker V2. Functions include:
- SensorHTIRSeeker2DCDir
- SensorHTIRSeeker2ACDir
- SetHTIRSeeker2Mode
- ReadSensorHTIRSeeker2AC
- ReadSensorHTIRSeeker2DC
For a complete list of HiTechnic API supported by NXC, please refer to the HiTechnic API page of the online NXC Programmer's Guide.
RobotC
All IRSeeker V2 features are available in RobotC using the functions provided by the drivers pack available under RobotC below.
Downloads
This is a new block for the IRSeekerV2. The block uses a combination of AC and DC modes for improved short range direction and signal strength determination without sacrificing long range performance.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
HiTechnic Enhanced IRSeekerV2 Block | 1.0 | June 14th, 2011 | 194.74 KB | Download Now |
This NXT-G block supports the new IRSeekerV2 (Version 2) Sensor. The IRSeekerV2 has enhanced features to detect modulated and un-modulated IR signals. This block provides features enabling access to the direction and relative strength of an infrared signal.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
HiTechnic IRSeekerV2 Sensor Block for Mindstorms NXT Software | 1.0 | May 7th, 2009 | 176.46 KB | Download Now |
Two NXT-G sample programs for the Enhanced IRSeekerV2 block. ViewEIRSeeker simply displays the values from the sensor on the NXT screen while MoveEIRSeeker drives the robot toward the IR source.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
Enhanced IRSeekerV2 Sample Programs | 1.0 | June 24th, 2011 | 211.33 KB | Download Now |
The HTEnhancedIRSeekerV2 function implements the same algorithm as the Enhanced IRSeekerV2 Block. This function uses both AC and DC modes for enhanced short range IR direction determination and signal strength. Ideal for WRO Football Robots.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
Enhanced IRSeekerV2 Function | 1.0 | June 23rd, 2011 | 1.40 KB | Download Now |
LabVIEW 2009 VIs and sample program VIs for the sensors commonly used by FTC teams. This set includes VIs for the Acceleration, Compass, Gyro, IR Seeker V2, and Magnetic Sensors as well the Touch Sensor Multiplexer. These VIs support the HiTechnic Sensor Multiplexer. See included readme.txt file on how to install into LabVIEW 2009.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
FTC Update For LabVIEW 2009 | 1.0 | October 6th, 2010 | 261.37 KB | Download Now |
IR Seeker V2 Sensor VIs and sample program VI for LabVIEW 2009. Supports the HiTechnic Sensor Multiplexer. See included readme.txt file on how to install into LabVIEW 2009.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
IR Seeker V2 Sensor VIs For LabVIEW2009 | 1.0 | October 7th, 2010 | 80.07 KB | Download Now |
LabVIEW VI for the HiTechnic IRSeeker.
Note: This vi is designed for LabVIEW 7.1 with NXT Toolkit.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
IRSeeker VI | 1.0 | April 2nd, 2009 | 47.82 KB | Download Now |
This sensor block will replace the current V1 and V2 IRSeeker sensor blocks. This block has a mode selector that lets you choose between three V2 modes (AC 1200Hz, AC 600Hz, and DC) as well as V1 sensor mode.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
HiTechnic IRSeeker Sensor Block (beta) | 2.0beta | June 14th, 2011 | 203.83 KB | Download Now |
NXT Compass Sensor
Expand your NXT experiences with the new NXT Compass Sensor and add accurate navigation to your Mindstorms® NXT projects. The NXT Compass Sensor is a digital compass that measures the earth's magnetic field and outputs a value representing the current heading. The magnetic heading is calculated to the nearest 1° and returned as a number from 0 to 359. The NXT Magnetic Compass Sensor updates the heading 100 times per second. The Compass Sensor operates in two modes, Read mode and Calibrate mode. In Read mode, the current heading is calculated and returned each time to the NXT program executes a read command. In Calibrate mode the compass can be calibrated to compensate for externally generated magnetic field anomalies such as those that surround motors and batteries, thereby maintaining maximum accuracy.
HiTechnic NXT Compass Sensor for LEGO Mindstorms NXT
Introduction
The NXT Compass Sensor contains a digital magnetic compass that measures the earth’s magnetic field and calculates a heading angle. The Compass Sensor connects to an NXT sensor port using a standard NXT wire and uses the digital I2C communications protocol. The current heading is calculated to the nearest 1° and refreshed 100 times per second.
The Compass Sensor is housed in a standard Mindstorms sensor housing to match the other Mindstorms elements.
To test your new sensor, plug it into port 2 of your NXT and select View > Ultrasonic cm > Port 2. As you swing the sensor around, you’ll notice that the readings will change from 1 – 179. (0 will display as ?????? while in View mode.)
Programming
Mindstorms NXT-G
The compass can be programmed using LEGO Mindstorms NXT Software Compass Block*. If the Compass Block is not available you may also use the standard Ultrasonic Block.
*Note: The NXT Compass Block can be downloaded by going to the Downloads page.
Ultrasonic Block
If using the Ultrasonic Block to program the compass, configure the block to centimeter mode as shown.
The Ultrasonic Block can only return values from 0 to 250 so in order to return the full range of headings, 0 to 360, the heading value returned when using the Ultrasonic Block will be the current heading divided by 2. For example, if the current heading is 220°, the value returned will be 110. North will return a value of 0, East, a value of 45, South, a value of 90 and West, a value of 135. To get the actual magnetic heading, simply take the number returned and multiply by 2.
Compass Sensor Block
The Compass Block is designed to support the HiTechnic Compass Sensor and supports all compass features.
1. This plug wires the number for which of your NXT’s ports are connected to the compass sensor.
2. This plug wires the number of the Action to be performed.
3. This plug wires the Target heading, see section on Relative Heading further down this page.
4. This plug wires the lower limit number for the Inside/Outside compare function.
5. This plug wires the upper limit number for the Inside/Outside compare function.
6. This plug outputs the current Absolute Heading number.
7. This plug outputs the current Relative Heading number, see section on Relative Heading further down this page.
8. This plug outputs the Inside/Outside logical value.
Compass Front Panel
Port allows you to select the NXT port the compass is plugged into.
Action
Action has three options. These are;
Absolute Reading: Allows you to read the Absolute Heading, a value from 0 to 359, corresponding to the current magnetic heading in degrees. (Plug 6 on the data hub)
Relative Reading: Allows you to set a Target and read the Relative Heading (Plug 3 and 7 on the data hub).
See Using Relative Reading below for more information.
Calibrate: Set the compass sensor into Calibrate mode allowing you to go through the calibrate sequence to minimize the influence of metal and other other sources of magnetic interference such as motors or batteries.
See Calibrating the Compass Sensor below for more information.
Compare
Compares the Absolute Heading to the range set and sets the logic value to show if the value is inside or outside the range.
See Using Range below for more information.
Using Relative Reading
Relative Reading makes it easy to stay on a selected heading. To use this feature select the Relative Reading action. Then enter a Target that is the heading you wish to maintain.
If you wanted to navigate South, you would enter a Target of 180 (South is 180 degrees). The Compass Sensor block would then calculate the difference between the Absolute Heading and your Target and return the difference as the Relative Heading. (plug 7).
For example, with your target set to 180, if the Absolute Heading were 175, then the Relative Heading would be 5 (Target – Absolute Heading or 180 – 175 = 5). This indicates a turn to the right or clockwise of 5 degrees is required to get back to the Target.
If the Absolute Heading were 185, then the Relative Heading would be -5 (Target – Absolute Heading or 180 – 185 = -5). This indicates a turn to the left or clockwise of 5 degrees is required to get back to the Target.
Calibrating the Compass Sensor
The HiTechnic compass sensor will be influenced by local magnetic interference in the same way as any other magnetic compass. Objects such as metal items, motors, batteries and wires can cause magnetic interference. Local magnetic interference may cause the compass to output a heading several degrees different than the actual magnetic heading. This is called compass deviation. To correct for deviation, the HiTechnic compass sensor has a built in calibration function that calculates correction offsets and stores them in the compass.
Calibration is optional and usually not required for normal operation. To minimize the need for calibration make sure you mount the compass at least 4 – 6 inches (10 – 15 cm) away from the NXT and NXT motors.
To calibrate the compass under program control, select calibration mode (value 2 wired to the Action plug input) and then program your robot to rotate (turn in a tight circle) between 1 ½ and 2 times (more than 360 degrees) so it completes a full turn in about 20 seconds. Once the turns have been completed, set the Action to a Read function (Absolute or Relative) and the compass will be calibrated. The compass will retain the calibration settings until another calibration is performed, even if it is unplugged.
Using Range
The Compare lets you set a range and easily determine if you are inside or outside the range.
The Components for using the Range function are;
Inside Range / Outside Range: Select if you want to test for an Absolute Heading inside the range or outside the range.
A: The lower limit of the range (0 – 359)
B: The upper limit of the range (0 – 359)
To use the Range function, set the lower and upper limit of your range and whether you want to test for inside or outside the range.
Examples showing the logical result.
A |
B |
Range |
Absolute Heading |
Logical Value |
85 |
95 |
Inside Range |
90 |
|
85 |
95 |
Inside Range |
100 |
|
85 |
95 |
Outside Range |
90 |
|
85 |
95 |
Outside Range |
100 |
Sensor Register Layout
Address | Type | Contents |
00 – 07H | chars | Sensor version number |
08 – 0FH | chars | Manufacturer |
10 – 17H | chars | Sensor type |
18 – 3DH | bytes | Not used |
3E, 3FH | chars | Reserved |
40H | byte | Not used |
41H | byte | Mode control |
42H | byte | Heading } two degree heading |
43H | byte | Heading } one degree adder |
44, 45H | word | Heading (low byte, high byte) |
46 – 7FH | bytes | Not used |
The Sensor version number field will report a revision number in the format “²Vn.m” where n is the major version number and m is the revision level. Revision numbers will typically reflect the firmware level. The version number will be used to indicate the hardware level.
The Manufacturer field will contain “HiTechnc”.
The Sensor type field will contain “Compass”.
The Mode control field may be set to 0x00 or 0x43 to define measurement mode or hard-iron calibrate mode.
The Heading fields will return the currently measured heading during measurement mode operation. During hard-iron calibrate mode operation, this field will jam.
The heading is obtained by reading location 0x42 to obtain the two degree heading and 0x43 to obtain the one degree adder. The heading can then be computed as
Heading = (two degree heading *2) + one degree adder.
If the sign is a problem, then the conventional 16 bit value can be obtained from 0x44 (low byte) and 0x45 (high byte).
Locn 0x41 is the mode control. Defaults to 0, which is measurement mode. Change to 0x43 to set calibration mode. Must be changed back to 0 when calibration is completed. (If cal. fails, locn. 0x41 will be set to 2 after the host has set it to 0 at the end of the failed calibrate attempt.)
Other Programming Environments
RobotC
All features of the HiTechnic Compass can be accessed using RobotC. For more information go to http://www-education.rec.ri.cmu.edu/robotc/.
NBC
Next Byte Code (NBC) is a simple programming language that can access all compass features. For more information go to http://bricxcc.sourceforge.net/nbc/.
Notes:
- The HiTechnic compass sensor will only operate correctly in a horizontal plane so you must keep the compass level for it to read correctly. This is very important so remember this when you build it into your robot.
- NXT Firmware version 1.03 must be loaded in the NXT for the compass to operate correctly. You can check the firmware version by displaying the NXT Window in the Mindstorms software.
- It is highly desirable to mount the compass at least 6 inches (15 cm) away from the motors and 4 inches (10cm) away from the NXT brick itself.
- Try to make sure it is firmly mounted, if it bounces around, the readings may bounce around too.
Downloads
The Compass Sensor Block adds support for all Compass Sensor features to the LEGO MINDSTORMS NXT Software. This block gives access to features enabling Compass calibration, target heading and in/out of range and others.
New with version 2.1: Fixes a bug preventing entering Calibration mode. You can now tell if calibration succeeded or failed by examining the absolute heading after calibration. This block supports for the HiTechnic Sensor Multiplexer as well as data logging with the LEGO Mindstorms 2.0 Education software.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
HiTechnic Compass Sensor Block for Mindstorms NXT Software | 2.1 | January 14th, 2011 | 637.96 KB | Download Now |
LabVIEW 2009 VIs and sample program VIs for the sensors commonly used by FTC teams. This set includes VIs for the Acceleration, Compass, Gyro, IR Seeker V2, and Magnetic Sensors as well the Touch Sensor Multiplexer. These VIs support the HiTechnic Sensor Multiplexer. See included readme.txt file on how to install into LabVIEW 2009.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
FTC Update For LabVIEW 2009 | 1.0 | October 6th, 2010 | 261.37 KB | Download Now |
Compass Sensor VIs and sample program VI for LabVIEW 2009. Supports the HiTechnic Sensor Multiplexer. See included readme.txt file on how to install into LabVIEW 2009.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
Compass Sensor VIs For LabVIEW2009 | 1.0 | October 6th, 2010 | 96.92 KB | Download Now |
LabVIEW VI to access the HiTechnic Compass Sensor in the NXT Toolkit.
Note: This vi is designed for LabVIEW 7.1 with NXT Toolkit.
Description | Version | Release Date | Size | ||
Compass Sensor VI | 1.0 | April 2nd, 2009 | 34.51 KB | Download Now |
Vision Subsystem v4 for NXT
This Vision Subsystem has realtime image processing capability to detect and track line or upto 8 colorful objects.
- Connects to NXT on a sensor port
- Connects to computer using USB interface
- Tracks line or upto 8 objects (with 8 different user defined colors) at 30fps
- Adjustable lens focus
- Lens with built in infrared blocking filter
- Provides realtime tracking statistics to NXT
- Power consumption: 42 mA (max) at 4.7V
- PC not needed for autonomous operation on NXT
- Supported environments: NXT-G, RobotC, LeJOS, NXC, LabVIEW, LVEE
Note: Using NXTCam requires fair amount of programming expertize and analytical skills.
NXTCam_v3p0.zip | 876.05 KB | 01/25/2010 | Download | |
FTDIUSBSerialDriver_v2_2_14.dmg | 419.16 KB | 01/29/2010 | Download |
NXTCam-v2-User-Guide.pdf | 746.67 KB | 12/07/2009 | Download | |
datasheet-ov6620.pdf | 327.79 KB | 04/17/2009 | Download | |
NXTCam-v3-User-Guide.pdf | 719.69 KB | 10/04/2011 | Download | |
NXTCam-v3-Colormap-Reference.pdf | 642.72 KB | 05/25/2010 | Download | |
Also applicable for NXTCam-v4 | ||||
NXTCam-v4-User-Guide.pdf | 1.18 MB | 04/02/2012 | Download | |
NXTcam.zip | 1.33 MB | 11/14/2011 | Download |
nxtcam-default-nxc.zip | 10.87 KB | 06/22/2012 | Download | |
colormap-read_and_write.zip | 2.43 KB | 05/25/2010 | Download | |
NXTCam_line_follower.zip | 912.68 KB | 08/01/2009 | Download |
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